Interaction of Ukrainian Diaspora and the USA Government Regarding Celebration of Ukrainian Independence Day on January 22
DOI::
https://doi.org/10.31861/hj2018.47.136-145Abstract
2018 marks the 100th anniversary of the proclamation of Ukrainian independence. OnJanuary 22, 1918, the Ukrainian People’s Republic proclaimed its independence by adopting the IV Universal of the Ukrainian Central Rada, although this significant event was «wiped out» from the public consciousness on the territory of Ukraine during the years of the Soviet totalitarian regime. At the same time, January 22 was a crucial event for the Ukrainian diaspora in the USA. This article examines how American Ukrainians interacted with the USA Government institutions regarding the celebration and recognition of the Ukrainian Independence day on January 22. The attention is focused on the activities of ethnic Ukrainians in the United States, directed at the organization of the special celebration of the Ukrainian Independence anniversaries in the US Congress and cities. Drawing from the diaspora press and Congressional Records, this article argues that many members of Congress participated in the observed celebration and expressed kind feelings to the Ukrainian people, recognised their fight for freedom, during the House of Representatives and Senate sessions. Several Congressmen submitted the resolutions in the US Congress urging the President of United States to designate January 22 as «Ukrainian lndependence Day». January 22 was proclaimed Ukrainian Day by the governors of fifteen States and mayors of many cities.
Keywords: January 22, Ukrainian independence day, Ukrainian diaspora, USA, interaction, Congress
References
Congressional Record, Proceedings and Debates of the 86th congress first session, vol. 105, part 1, January 7, 1959, to January 29, 1959, United States Government Printing Office, Washington, 1959, 1478 p., p. 873.
Congressional Record, Proceedings and debates of the 94th Congress, second session, vol. 122, part 1, January 19, 1976 to January 27, 1976, p. 304.
D. Halychyn, Na perelomi: zvit z diialnosti Ukrainskoho Konhresovoho Komitetu za roky 1952 – 1955 [At the turn: a report on the activities of the Ukrainian Congress Committee for the years 1952 – 1955], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1955, n. 108, 8 chervnia, s. 2.
Dalshi vidznachennia rokovyn proholoshennia ukrainskoi nezalezhnosty v Konhresi ZDA [Further celebration of the anniversary of the proclamation of Ukraines independence in the US Congress], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1958, n. 20, 30 sichnia, s. 1.
Dni ukrainskoi nezalezhnosty v Amerytsi [Ukrainian independence days in America], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1953, n. 21, 23 sichnia, s. 1.
Drahan, Z pozhovklykh lystkiv [From the yellow pages], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1958, n. 14, 22 sichnia, s. 3.
Haluzevyi derzhavnyi arkhiv Ministerstva zakordonnykh sprav Ukrainy (HDA MZS Ukrainy), f. 1 Ministerstvo zakordonnykh sprav Ukrainskoi RSR. Dokumenty z osnovnoi diialnosti za 1958-1978 rr., op. 2, spr. 853 Dovidky ta dokumenty Viddilu presy pro diialnist ukrainskoi emihratsii, yii zviazky z pravliachymy kolamy krain perebuvannia, 853 ark., spr. 854 Dovidky ta dokumenty Viddilu presy pro antyradiansku diialnist ukrainskykh burzhuaznykh natsionalistiv, 95 ark., spr. 855 Dovidky ta dokumenty Viddilu presy pro pozytsiiu ukrainskykh burzhuaznykh natsionalistiv z pytan mizhnarodnoi polityky, 79 ark.
Hubernator Niu Dzherzi i maior Dzherzy Syti pidpysaly dekliaratsii u spravi Ukrainskoho Dnia [New Jersey governor and Jersey City mayor signed the proclamation of Ukrainian Day], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1953, n. 18, 20 sichnia, s. 1.
Hubernator Rokefeller proholosyv Ukrainskyi Den u steiti Niu York [Governor Rockefeller proclaimed the Ukrainian Day in New York state], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1959, n. 16, 24 sichnia, s. 1.
Hubernator steitu Merilend proholosyv «Ukrainskyi Den» [Governor of the State of Maryland proclaimed «Ukrainian Day»], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1953, n. 13, 15 sichnia, s. 1.
Hubernatory Steitiv Ilynoi i Vyskansyn proholosyly «Ukrainskyi Den» [Governors of Illinois and Wisconsin proclaimed «Ukrainian Day»], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1953, n. 22, 24 sichnia, s. 1.
Istoriia ukrainskoi imihratsii v Amerytsi: Zberezhennia kulturnoi spadshchyny [History of Ukrainian Immigration in America: The preservation of cultural heritage], Niu-York, Ukrainskyi muzei, 1984, c. 39.
Konhres ZDA vrochysto vidznachyv 40-richchia proholoshennia nezalezhnosty Ukrainskoi derzhavy [The USA Congress solemnly celebrated the 40th anniversary of the proclamation of the independence of Ukrainian state], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1958, n. 18, 28 sichnia, s. 1.
Konhresmen Hallaher zgholosyv v Konhresi ZDA novu rezoliutsiiu v spravi Dnia ukrainskoi nezalezhnosty v Amerytsi [Congressman Gallagher announced a new resolution on the Day of Ukrainian Independence in America in the US Congress], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1960, n. 17, 27 sichnia, s. 1.
Konhresmen Kersten promovliatyme na Ukrainskomu Dni u Fyladelfii [Congressman Kersten will speak on the Ukrainian Day in Philadelphia], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1953, n. 15, 17 sichnia, s. 4.
M. Lendiel, Formuvannia ukrainskoho lobi v SShA v pershii polovyni XX st.: uspikhy i problemy funktsionuvannia [Formation of the Ukrainian lobby in the USA in the first half of the twentieth century: successes and problems of functioning], in «Sotsialno-ekonomichni ta etnopolitychni zminy v krainakh Tsentralnoi i Pivdenno-Skhidnoi Yevropy (dr. pol. 80-kh – per. pol. 90-kh rokiv XX st.», Uzhhorod, Hosprozrakhunkovyi redaktsiino-vydavnychyi viddil Zakarpatskoho komitetu u spravakh presy ta informatsii, 1997, s. 103-108.
M. Lendiel, Mizh Amerykoiu ta Ukrainoiu. Ukrainska hromada v SShA yak hrupa politychnoho tysku [Between America and Ukraine. The Ukrainian community in the USA as a group of political pressure], in «Nova polityka», 1998. n. 4, s. 2-8.
Molytva za Ukrainu v Konhresi Ziedynenykh derzhav [Prayer for Ukraine in the US Congress], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1955, n. 14, 22 sichnia, s. 1.
P. Hutsal, Ukrainska emihratsiia Kanady i SShA ta natsionalno-vyzvolnyi rukh na zakhidnoukrainskykh zemliakh (1914-1923) [Ukrainian emigration of Canada and the USA and national liberation movement in Western Ukraine (1914-1923)], dysert. kand. ist. nauk spets. 07.00.01, Lviv, 2005, c. 166-167.
R. Ilnytskyi, Pryznachennia ukraintsiv v Amerytsi [Function of Ukrainians in America], Niu-York, b.v., 1965, c. 103-104.
Rokovyny ukrainskoi nezalezhnosty v Kapitolii u Vashynhtoni [The Ukrainian Independence Anniversary in the Washington Capitol], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1976, n. 15, 24 sichnia, s. 1.
Senatory Persi i Shvaiker zaproponuvaly rezoliutsiiu v spravi dnia ukrainskoi nezalezhnosty [Senators Percy and Schweiker proposed a resolution on the Ukrainian independence day], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1971, n. 17, 27 sichnia, s. 1.
Spetsiialne poslannia prezydenta Forda do ukraintsiv bulo pokazane i vyholoshene z pryhotovanoho v Bilomu Domi videoteipu na sviati nezalezhnosty v Chikaho [The special message from President Ford to Ukrainians was shown and proclaimed from the White House videotape on Independence Day in Chicago], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1976, n. 16, 27 sichnia, s. 1.
Sukhobokova, Ukrainska hromada SShA ta ukrainske pytannia v period Pershoi svitovoi viiny [The Ukrainian community in the United States and the Ukrainian question during the First World War], in «Amerykanska istoriia ta polityka», 2016, № 1, c. 157.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1958, n. 17, 25 sichnia, s. 1,2.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1956, n. 12, 21 sichnia, s. 1,3.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1965, n. 10, 16 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1979, n. 12, 17 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1953, n. 13, 15 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1955, n. 14, 22 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1958, n. 14, 22 sichnia, s. 8.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1970, n. 14, 22 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1964, n. 15, 23 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1976, n. 15, 24 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1955, n. 15, 25 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1960, n. 17, 27 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1953, n. 21, 23 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1953, n. 22, 24 sichnia, s. 1.
U Konhresi ZDA mynuloho tyzhnia 76 zakonodavtsiv zabyraly holos z nahody rokovyn proholoshennia ukrainskoi nezalezhnosti [76 lawmakers spoke on the occasion of the anniversary of the proclamation of Ukraine independence in the US Congress], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1958, n. 18, 28 sichnia, s. 1.
Ukrainska Tsentralna Rada proholosyla povnu Nezavysymist Ukrainy [The Ukrainian Central Rada proclaimed the full Independence of Ukraine], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1918, n. 12, 29 sichnia, s. 1..
Ukraintsi Klivlendu zapochatkuvaly sviatkuvannia rokovyn 22 sichnia [The Cleveland Ukrainians started celebrating of January 22 anniversary], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1953, n. 18, 20 sichnia, s. 1.
V Konhresi ZSA znovu vneseno rezoliutsiiu v spravi shchorichnoho proholoshuvannia dnia ukrainskoi nezalezhnosty [The new resolution on the annual proclamation of the Day of Ukrainian independence was presented in the US Congress], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1976, n. 15, 24 sichnia, s. 1.
V Konhresi ZSA znovu zgholosheno rezoliutsiiu v spravi dnia ukrainskoi nezalezhnosty [The resolution on the Ukrainian independence Day was again declared in the US Congress], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1977, n. 16, 22 sichnia, s. 1.
Vrochyste proholoshennia ukrainskoho dnia v Steiti Niu York [The ceremonial proclamation of the Ukrainian day in New York state], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1957, n. 12, 21 sichnia, s. 1.
Znovu svitle 22 sichnia [Bright January 22 again], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1981, n. 14, 22 sichnia, s. 2.
Congressional Record, Proceedings and debates of the 94th Congress, second session, vol. 122, part 1, January 19, 1976 to January 27, 1976, p. 304.
D. Halychyn, Na perelomi: zvit z diialnosti Ukrainskoho Konhresovoho Komitetu za roky 1952 – 1955 [At the turn: a report on the activities of the Ukrainian Congress Committee for the years 1952 – 1955], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1955, n. 108, 8 chervnia, s. 2.
Dalshi vidznachennia rokovyn proholoshennia ukrainskoi nezalezhnosty v Konhresi ZDA [Further celebration of the anniversary of the proclamation of Ukraines independence in the US Congress], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1958, n. 20, 30 sichnia, s. 1.
Dni ukrainskoi nezalezhnosty v Amerytsi [Ukrainian independence days in America], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1953, n. 21, 23 sichnia, s. 1.
Drahan, Z pozhovklykh lystkiv [From the yellow pages], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1958, n. 14, 22 sichnia, s. 3.
Haluzevyi derzhavnyi arkhiv Ministerstva zakordonnykh sprav Ukrainy (HDA MZS Ukrainy), f. 1 Ministerstvo zakordonnykh sprav Ukrainskoi RSR. Dokumenty z osnovnoi diialnosti za 1958-1978 rr., op. 2, spr. 853 Dovidky ta dokumenty Viddilu presy pro diialnist ukrainskoi emihratsii, yii zviazky z pravliachymy kolamy krain perebuvannia, 853 ark., spr. 854 Dovidky ta dokumenty Viddilu presy pro antyradiansku diialnist ukrainskykh burzhuaznykh natsionalistiv, 95 ark., spr. 855 Dovidky ta dokumenty Viddilu presy pro pozytsiiu ukrainskykh burzhuaznykh natsionalistiv z pytan mizhnarodnoi polityky, 79 ark.
Hubernator Niu Dzherzi i maior Dzherzy Syti pidpysaly dekliaratsii u spravi Ukrainskoho Dnia [New Jersey governor and Jersey City mayor signed the proclamation of Ukrainian Day], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1953, n. 18, 20 sichnia, s. 1.
Hubernator Rokefeller proholosyv Ukrainskyi Den u steiti Niu York [Governor Rockefeller proclaimed the Ukrainian Day in New York state], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1959, n. 16, 24 sichnia, s. 1.
Hubernator steitu Merilend proholosyv «Ukrainskyi Den» [Governor of the State of Maryland proclaimed «Ukrainian Day»], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1953, n. 13, 15 sichnia, s. 1.
Hubernatory Steitiv Ilynoi i Vyskansyn proholosyly «Ukrainskyi Den» [Governors of Illinois and Wisconsin proclaimed «Ukrainian Day»], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1953, n. 22, 24 sichnia, s. 1.
Istoriia ukrainskoi imihratsii v Amerytsi: Zberezhennia kulturnoi spadshchyny [History of Ukrainian Immigration in America: The preservation of cultural heritage], Niu-York, Ukrainskyi muzei, 1984, c. 39.
Konhres ZDA vrochysto vidznachyv 40-richchia proholoshennia nezalezhnosty Ukrainskoi derzhavy [The USA Congress solemnly celebrated the 40th anniversary of the proclamation of the independence of Ukrainian state], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1958, n. 18, 28 sichnia, s. 1.
Konhresmen Hallaher zgholosyv v Konhresi ZDA novu rezoliutsiiu v spravi Dnia ukrainskoi nezalezhnosty v Amerytsi [Congressman Gallagher announced a new resolution on the Day of Ukrainian Independence in America in the US Congress], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1960, n. 17, 27 sichnia, s. 1.
Konhresmen Kersten promovliatyme na Ukrainskomu Dni u Fyladelfii [Congressman Kersten will speak on the Ukrainian Day in Philadelphia], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1953, n. 15, 17 sichnia, s. 4.
M. Lendiel, Formuvannia ukrainskoho lobi v SShA v pershii polovyni XX st.: uspikhy i problemy funktsionuvannia [Formation of the Ukrainian lobby in the USA in the first half of the twentieth century: successes and problems of functioning], in «Sotsialno-ekonomichni ta etnopolitychni zminy v krainakh Tsentralnoi i Pivdenno-Skhidnoi Yevropy (dr. pol. 80-kh – per. pol. 90-kh rokiv XX st.», Uzhhorod, Hosprozrakhunkovyi redaktsiino-vydavnychyi viddil Zakarpatskoho komitetu u spravakh presy ta informatsii, 1997, s. 103-108.
M. Lendiel, Mizh Amerykoiu ta Ukrainoiu. Ukrainska hromada v SShA yak hrupa politychnoho tysku [Between America and Ukraine. The Ukrainian community in the USA as a group of political pressure], in «Nova polityka», 1998. n. 4, s. 2-8.
Molytva za Ukrainu v Konhresi Ziedynenykh derzhav [Prayer for Ukraine in the US Congress], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1955, n. 14, 22 sichnia, s. 1.
P. Hutsal, Ukrainska emihratsiia Kanady i SShA ta natsionalno-vyzvolnyi rukh na zakhidnoukrainskykh zemliakh (1914-1923) [Ukrainian emigration of Canada and the USA and national liberation movement in Western Ukraine (1914-1923)], dysert. kand. ist. nauk spets. 07.00.01, Lviv, 2005, c. 166-167.
R. Ilnytskyi, Pryznachennia ukraintsiv v Amerytsi [Function of Ukrainians in America], Niu-York, b.v., 1965, c. 103-104.
Rokovyny ukrainskoi nezalezhnosty v Kapitolii u Vashynhtoni [The Ukrainian Independence Anniversary in the Washington Capitol], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1976, n. 15, 24 sichnia, s. 1.
Senatory Persi i Shvaiker zaproponuvaly rezoliutsiiu v spravi dnia ukrainskoi nezalezhnosty [Senators Percy and Schweiker proposed a resolution on the Ukrainian independence day], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1971, n. 17, 27 sichnia, s. 1.
Spetsiialne poslannia prezydenta Forda do ukraintsiv bulo pokazane i vyholoshene z pryhotovanoho v Bilomu Domi videoteipu na sviati nezalezhnosty v Chikaho [The special message from President Ford to Ukrainians was shown and proclaimed from the White House videotape on Independence Day in Chicago], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1976, n. 16, 27 sichnia, s. 1.
Sukhobokova, Ukrainska hromada SShA ta ukrainske pytannia v period Pershoi svitovoi viiny [The Ukrainian community in the United States and the Ukrainian question during the First World War], in «Amerykanska istoriia ta polityka», 2016, № 1, c. 157.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1958, n. 17, 25 sichnia, s. 1,2.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1956, n. 12, 21 sichnia, s. 1,3.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1965, n. 10, 16 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1979, n. 12, 17 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1953, n. 13, 15 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1955, n. 14, 22 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1958, n. 14, 22 sichnia, s. 8.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1970, n. 14, 22 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1964, n. 15, 23 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1976, n. 15, 24 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1955, n. 15, 25 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1960, n. 17, 27 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1953, n. 21, 23 sichnia, s. 1.
Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti), 1953, n. 22, 24 sichnia, s. 1.
U Konhresi ZDA mynuloho tyzhnia 76 zakonodavtsiv zabyraly holos z nahody rokovyn proholoshennia ukrainskoi nezalezhnosti [76 lawmakers spoke on the occasion of the anniversary of the proclamation of Ukraine independence in the US Congress], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1958, n. 18, 28 sichnia, s. 1.
Ukrainska Tsentralna Rada proholosyla povnu Nezavysymist Ukrainy [The Ukrainian Central Rada proclaimed the full Independence of Ukraine], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1918, n. 12, 29 sichnia, s. 1..
Ukraintsi Klivlendu zapochatkuvaly sviatkuvannia rokovyn 22 sichnia [The Cleveland Ukrainians started celebrating of January 22 anniversary], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1953, n. 18, 20 sichnia, s. 1.
V Konhresi ZSA znovu vneseno rezoliutsiiu v spravi shchorichnoho proholoshuvannia dnia ukrainskoi nezalezhnosty [The new resolution on the annual proclamation of the Day of Ukrainian independence was presented in the US Congress], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1976, n. 15, 24 sichnia, s. 1.
V Konhresi ZSA znovu zgholosheno rezoliutsiiu v spravi dnia ukrainskoi nezalezhnosty [The resolution on the Ukrainian independence Day was again declared in the US Congress], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1977, n. 16, 22 sichnia, s. 1.
Vrochyste proholoshennia ukrainskoho dnia v Steiti Niu York [The ceremonial proclamation of the Ukrainian day in New York state], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1957, n. 12, 21 sichnia, s. 1.
Znovu svitle 22 sichnia [Bright January 22 again], in «Svoboda (Dzhersi-Siti)», 1981, n. 14, 22 sichnia, s. 2.
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2018-06-30
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Shchyhelska, H. (2018). Interaction of Ukrainian Diaspora and the USA Government Regarding Celebration of Ukrainian Independence Day on January 22. History Journal of Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, (47), 136-145. https://doi.org/10.31861/hj2018.47.136-145
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