Models of the lipovans’ integration into the multi-ethnic environment of bukovyna: from preservation of ethno-cultural identity to non-ethnic and globalization impacts
DOI::
https://doi.org/10.31861/hj2022.56.18-29Keywords:
Bukovyna, the Lipovans, traditional culture, ethno-confessional identity, integration into a non-ethnic environmentAbstract
The article under study highlights the process of resettlement and adaptation of Old Believers in the multi-ethnic environment of Bukovyna in the late 18th – early 20th centuries. The representatives of the Austrian administration of the region were active supporters of involving the Lipovans, motivating their perspective for Vienna officials by the fact that the new settlers, owing to their hard work and practical farming skills, will be able to influence positively the economic development of Bukovyna.
The author verifies the evidences of contemporaries who confirm that the anticipations of local officials were largely satisfied – the Lipovans were quite successfully integrated into the economic life of their new homeland. The Old Believers were promptly associated with hard-working and enterprising people, who generally led a healthy lifestyle, preserving their ethno-cultural identity.
The researchers affirm that quite a lot of traditional elements of material and spiritual culture were preserved for a long time, although certain changes took place in the course of time under the influence of non-ethnic factors in the environment of the Lipovans of Bukovyna. The main factor that facilitated the preservation of the traditional way of life of the Old Believers was the system of prohibitions and prescriptions of a religious and moral-ethical nature. Simultaneously, under the influence of scientific and technical progress, there is a partial recession of clearly regulated canons among the Lipovans, a gradual attachment to the technical benefits of civilization.
The consequences of the globalization processes influence can be considered as a recess of an isolated way of life, contacts with representatives of other ethnic groups and confessions, which resulted in certain changes in the everyday and ritual spheres, the spreading of the practice of marriages with non-believers, the transition to Orthodoxy of the Nikon’s model, etc.
References
K. Bogatyrec, Istoriya Bukovinskoj eparhii [History of the Bukovina diocese], in «Biblioteka zhurnala “Rusin”», 2015, № 1, s. 29-343.
A. Budilovich, Putevye zametki o doline srednego i nizhnego Dunaya [Travel notes about the valley of the middle and lower Danube], in «Biblioteka zhurnala “Rusin”», 2017, № 1 (6), s. 14-52.
I. Chekhovskyi, Staroobriadtsi Bukovyny: problemy adaptatsii y zberezhennia etnorelihiinoi identychnosti v suchasnomu suspilstvi [Old Believers of Bukovina: problems of adaptation and preservation of ethno-religious identity in modern society], in «Naukovyi visnyk Chernivetskoho universytetu. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats. Filosofiia», Chernivtsi, 2004, Vyp. 203-204, s. 158-165.
I. Chekhovskyi, Transformatsiia starozhytnoi tradytsii v suchasnomu staroobriadnytskomu seredovyshchi Chernivtsiv [Transformation of ancient tradition in the modern Old Believer environment of Chernivtsi], in «Etnos. Kultura. Dukhovnist. Materialy mizhnarodnoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii “Innovatsiini modeli rozvytku turystychnoi infrastruktury Ukrainy. Bukovynske ta svitove staroobriadnytstvo: istoriia, kultura, turyzm”», Chernivtsi, 23-24 veresnia 2006 r., Ch. 2, Chernivtsi, 2006, s. 282-293.
I. Chekhovskyi, Transformatsiia starozhytnoi tradytsii v suchasnomu staroobriadnytskomu seredovyshchi Chernivtsiv [Transformation of ancient tradition in the modern Old Believer environment of Chernivtsi], in «Naukovyi visnyk Chernivetskoho universytetu. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats. Filosofiia», Chernivtsi, 2006, Vyp. 291-292, s. 231-239.
D. Dan, Die Lippowaner, in Die Ősterreichisch-Ungarische Monarchie in Wort und Bild. Bukowina, Wien, 1899, s. 282-295.
Derzhavnyi arkhiv Chernivetskoi oblasti, f. 3. Kraiove upravlinnia Bukowyny, op. 1, spr. 518 «b» Patent imperatora Patent imperatora Yosyfa II lypovanam. – Viden, 9 zhovtnia 1783 r., 235 ark.
Die Bukowina. Eine Allgemeine Heimatkunde = Bukovyna. Zahalne kraieznavstvo [Bukovyna. General local lore], Chernivtsi, Zelena Bukovyna, 2004, 488 s.
G. Drozdovskyi, Todi v Chernivtsiakh i dovkola. Spohady staroho avstriitsia [Then in Chernivtsi and around. Memories of an old Austrian], Chernivtsi, Molodyi bukovynets, 2001, 256 s.
N. Dushakova, Bytovoe vzaimodejstvie staroobryadcev s «inovercami»: aktualnye predpisaniya v tekstah i praktikah [Everyday interaction of Old Believers with «Gentiles»: current prescriptions in texts and practices], in «Zaprety i predpisaniya v slavyanskoj i evrejskoj kulturnoj tradicii», Мoskva, 2018, s. 149-164.
V. Eremica, Belaya Krinica – selo-«Titanik» [Belaya Krinitsa – the village-«Titanic»], in «Den», 2000, 22 aprelya, URL: https://day.kyiv.ua/ru/article/panorama-dnya/belaya-krinica-selo-titanik
F. Fodor, Kultura i byt russkih lipovan v Rumynii (konec XX – nachalo XXI vv.) [Culture and life of Russian Lipovans in Romania (late 20th – early 21st centuries)], in «Lipovane. Istoriya i kultura russkih rossiyan-staroobryadcev», Vyp. 2, Odessa, 2005, s. 117-130.
B. Haquet, Bucovina în prima descriere fizico-politică. – Călătorie în Carpaţii Dacici (1788-1789), Radauţi, Septentrion, 2002, 136 p.
S. Inikova, Narodnaya tradiciya i religioznaya ideya v sovremennoj pohoronnoj odezhde staroobryadcev-lipovan v Rumynii [Folk Tradition and Religious Idea in the Modern Funeral Clothes of the Lipovan Old Believers in Romania], in «Yaroslavskij pedagogicheskij vestnik», 2018, № 3, s. 334-339.
S. Inikova, Svadba lipovan Rumynii [Lipovan wedding in Romania], in «Lipovane. Istoriya i kultura russkih rossiyan-staroobryadcev», Vyp. 8, Odessa, 2011, s. 123-144.
Z. Jaroszewicz-Piereławcew, Staroobrzędowcy na Bukowinwie, in «Bukowina po stronie diaology», Sejny, Pogranicze, 1999, s. 137-145.
A. Krasovski, Priroda bilingvizma russkih-lipovan i mezhkulturnaya kommunikaciya v rumynskom polietnicheskom prostranstve [The nature of Russian-Lipovan bilingualism and intercultural communication in the Romanian polyethnic space], in «Russkaya grammatika 4.0. Sbornik tezisov mezhdunarodnogo nauchnogo simpoziuma. Moskva, 13–15 aprelya 2016 g.», Moskva, 2016, s. 76-81.
G. Kupchanko, Poselenie russkih staroobryadtsev v Bukovine [Settlement of Russian Old Believers in Bukovina], in «Istoricheskiy vestnik, Istoriko-literaturnyiy zhurnal», 1898, № 7, Iyul, s. 182-192.
o. Leontiy Varvarych, About the early history of the Lipovans of Bukovina [About the early history of the Lipovans of Bukovyna], in «Lipovane. Istoriya i kul’tura russkih rossiyan-staroobryadcev», Vyp. 9, Odessa, 2012, s. 103-108.
V. Matyushenko, Problema religioznoj identichnosti v kontekste ponimaniya osobennostej staroobryadchestva [The problem of religious identity in the context of understanding the features of the Old Believers], in «Izvestiya Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya “Politologiya. Religiovedenie”», 2015, Т. 14, s. 194-201.
I. Nadezhdin, O zagranichnyh raskolnikah [About foreign schismatics], in «Sbornik pravitelstvennyh svedenij o raskolnikah» sost. V.I. Kelsiev, London, 1860, Vyp. 1, s. 75-137.
Obshina staroobryadcev-lipovan Primorsko-Ahtarskogo rajona: istoriya i kultura [Community of Old Believers-Lipovans of the Primorsko-Akhtarsky district: history and culture], Krasnodar, 127 s.
M. Shahov, Problemy vzaimootnoshenij staroobryadchestva s sovremennym obshestvom [Problems of the relationship between the Old Believers and modern society], in «Staroobryadchestvo: istoriya, kultura, sovremennost. Materialy», Moskva, 1998, s. 8-10.
L.-A. Simiginowicz-Staufe, Die Volkergruppen der Bukowina, Czernowitz: Druck und Verlag von H. Czopp, 1884, 203 s.
Yu. Skibickaya, Kuda uhodit vera? Kak zhivet glavnoe v Ukraine selo staroobryadcev [Where does faith go? How the main village of Old Believers lives in Ukraine], in «Ukrainska pravda. Zhyttia», URL: https://life.pravda.com.ua/travel/2017/08/30/226134/
E. Smilyanskaya, Rol zapreta v sohranenii identichnosti konfessionalnoj gruppy (po materialam staroobryadcheskih obshin) [The role of prohibition in preserving the identity of a confessional group (based on materials from Old Believer communities)], in «Problemy identichnosti: chelovek i obshestvo nakanune Tretego tysyacheletiya», Moskva, ROO Kennan, 2003, URL: http://www.ruthenia.ru/folklore/smilanskaya2.htm
A. Tychina, White Well, URL: http://www.doroga.ua/Pages/ArticleDetails.aspx?Article-ID=1168
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
