Пастка для гетьманича: сучавська кампанія Т. Хмельницького (1653)
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Анотація
Дослідження присвячено проблемі непростих взаємини господаря Молдавії Василе Лупу з Військом Запорозьким після початку в Україні Визвольної війни під проводом гетьмана Б. Хмельницького, який, орієнтуючись в той період на Порту, виношував певні плани щодо укладення альянсу з Молдавською землею та іншими князівствами регіону.
Після походу до Молдавії 1650 р. гетьман Війська Запорозького Б. Хмельницький прагнув розширити свій вплив на це васальне Порті князівство, одруживши в 1652 р. старшого сина Тимофія на доньці воєводи Васіле Лупу Руксандрі. Плани щодо посилення впливів у придунайських князівствах призвли до політичної кризи всередині Молдавії та протистояння з правителями сусідніх країн. Коли у 1653 р. влада Василе Лупу в Молдавському князівстві похитнулася і молдавський престол при допомозі валахів і трансильванців захопив Георгій Штефан, який зайняв Ясси та блокував Сучавську фортецю, у якій зачинилася зі скарбами дружина Васіле Лупу, рятувати ситуацію було послано гетьманича Тимофія Хмельницького. Прибувши з козацьким військом в серпні 1653 р. до Сучавської фортеці, він організував оборону укріплень, відбиваючи приступи в очікуванні прибуття основних сил. Проте допомога від гетьмана вчасно не надійшла і козаки опинилися в скрутному становищі. Загибель Т. Хмельницького та відсутність припасів спонукали оборонців на початку жовтня до почесної капітуляції. Події під Сучавською фортецею мали наслідком руйнування мрій козацького гетьмана щодо розширення впливів у придунайських князівствах та зумовили його подальшу зміну орієнтації з Порти на Москву.
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