Headwear of Volhynian Burghers During the Lithuanian Era (based on acts books)
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Abstract
The main types of headwear for both women and men of Volhynian burghers from the early to middle of 16th century are reconstructed based on deeds of city and county courts in the Lutsk, Volodymyr, and Kremenets counties. The methods of objectivity, induction and deduction, comparison, juxtaposition, and generalization were used, adhering to the principle of historicity. Documentary analysis is also applied to examine the sources. This article, for the first time in Ukrainian historiography, explores the headgear of Volhynian burghers during the Lithuanian era using archival materials is a distinct subject of study. The article describes the potential appearance of headgear, identifies typical fur and fabric used in their making, and examines the coloration of the products. It was found that sheepskin and lambskin fur were the most typical for making headwear, though fur from wild animals, including marten, was also popular among burghers. The coloration of headwear during Lithuanian era was in natural tones, but the most popular were red caps. Potential prices for Volhynians’ headgear, accessible to burghers of varying financial statuses, are provided. Such headwear could cost anywhere from 6–8 Lithuanian hrosches to 1,5 kopas of Lithuanian hrosches. Women’s headgear, in particular, was considered expensive due to the use of high-quality fabrics and embellishments. The author concludes that Volhynian burghers during the Lithuanian era used headgear as an important component of seasonal attire, resulting in the average representative’s wardrobe consisting of several items of varying value.
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References
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